18 OCTOBER 2014 – LITERATURE REVIEW

Literature review is a comprehensive review of the published and unpublished work from
previous researchers in the area related to the problem at hand.

Before starting to write your literature, you should assume the likes of questions that will
come from your audience soon after reading your literature. For example ask yourself
question like these before write a literature:

1. What is the specific thesis, problem, or research question that may literature

2. What type of literature review am I conducting?

3. What is the scope of my literature review?

4. Will the reader find my literature review relevant, appropriate, and useful?

Purpose of doing literature review:

1. As a basis to support the development of current research.

2. To enable researcher to understand and define the underlying problem

3. To guide the researcher in selecting the variable for the study and provide the

4. To help researcher in developing theoretical framework for the study, research

5. To share with the reader the finding of the previous studies that relate closely review helps to  
    define?

•     precisely.
•     rationale for selecting these variables.
•     question and research hypothesis.

     to the current study.

Steps in conducting literature review:

1. Identify the relevant sources for literature in the area of interest.

2. Obtain and read all literatures which is relevant with the study.

3. Write up the literature based on the information obtained.

27 SEPTEMBER 2014 – TYPES OF RESEARCH

What is research?
Research is a systematic search for information in order to obtain a clear picture concerning the underlying problem.

There are a few type of research :

1. Applied research (Action research)
Applied research is carried out for the purpose of solving an existing problem.

2. Basic research (Pure research)
Basic research is carried out to generate a body of knowledge by trying to
comprehend how certain problems that occur in organizations can be solved.

3. Historical research
Historical research related previous research to the current research.

4. Descriptive research (ethnography research)
Descriptive research is used to describe characteristics of an existing phenomenon.

5. Experimental research
Experimental research is used to obtain evidence of cause and effect relationship.

6. Correlational research
Correlational research is used to measure the strength of the relationship between
two variables.

High-quality research is characterized by many characteristic and certain characteristic tend
to be related. Among the characteristic are:

1. It is based on the work of previous researchers in the area.
2. It can be replicated.
3. It is doable.
4. It is based on some logical rationale and tied to the theory.
5. It can be undertaken for the betterment of society.